Title: IMPACT OF FARMER PRODUCER ORGANIZATION IN ENHANCING LIVELIHOOD SECURITY OF TRIBAL MILLET GROWERS

Authors: Kritika Dehariya, Parvez Rajan and Seema Naberia

Publisher: The President, Society of Extension Education Gujarat

Keywords: income level, FPO, tribal millet growers, livelihood security

Volume: 40

Issue: 2

Year: December 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2025.40.2.0002

Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the impact of Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) on the income level of tribal millet growers in Tamia block of Chhindwara district, Madhya Pradesh. A total of 110 respondents were selected by using random sampling method, comprising 55 FPO members and 55 non-members. An ex-post-facto research design was employed using structured interviews and statistical tools such as frequency, percentage and Z-test. Findings of the study revealed that FPO members exhibited more progressive characteristics in terms of education, scientific orientation, economic motivation, risk-taking, decision-making ability, training exposure and social participation compared to non-members. The annual income distribution showed that 49.09 per cent of FPO members had medium income, while 80.00 per cent of non-members remained in the low-income group. The mean annual income of members was significantly higher than that of non-members as validated by the Z-test. The study concludes that FPO membership positively impacts tribal farmers by enhancing income levels and strengthening socio-economic attributes through collective action, market access and capacity-building support. These findings highlight the potential of FPOs as a transformative model for improving the livelihoods of small and marginal tribal farmers in millet-based farming systems.